The Birth of Pictoriality in Computer Media

The aim of the paper is to follow some milestones of the story of computer media as far as the notion of pictoriality is concerned. I am going to describe in the most general way how it happens that two quite separate technologies as computer machine and pictorial representation met and since then became almost inseparable

No Comment. On Poetics Of Electronic Comment

The aim of the paper is to analyze electronic comment as a new genre of speech. At the beginning the state of the art is presented. The history of comment in manuscript printed books is outlined, as well as main functions of comment. Then two kinds of post- -typografical comments are indicated: programming comment and Internet comment. The article limits its scope to the last one. The research based on a case of a news taken from a popular Polish language Internet portal. Seven types of comments are discovered: an approval, a question/desideratum, an amplification/a dialog, a correction, a disapproval, an impression, a parasitism. Three most numerously represented groups happen to be a disapproval, an impression, and a parasitism. In the conclusion a hypothesis explaining the phenomenon is proposed

ADAPTATION OF ENGINEERING FEA-BASED ALGORITHMS TO LCF FAILURE AND MATERIAL DATA PREDICTION IN OFFSHORE DESIGN

There is an ever growing industrial demand for quantitative assessment of fatigue endurance of critical structural details. Although FEA-based calculations have become a standard in engineering design, problems involving the Low-To-Medium cycle range (101-104) remain challenging. This paper presents an attempt to optimally choose material data, meshing density and other algorithm settings in the context of recent design of he large offshore windfarm installation vessel, VIDAR. In this study, an attempt is made to assess default FEA-based procedures in RADIOSS software by comparing an experimental test against numerical analyses. Standard slender cylindrical ("I") samples as well as originally designed "Z"-shaped samples made of A90 (S690)-grade steel have been loaded at various nominal stress ranges with or without local yielding. A good correlation has been found between FEA results and experimental cycles-to-failure in I-shaped samples, provided the softwarematerial data generator is avoided and Smith-Watson-Topper mean stress correction is used. In the case of Z-shaped samples, the calculated cycles-to-initiation of macro-crack is significantly lower (factor of 3) from the experiment. The observed discrepancy is argued to be due to stress gradient influence

The infl uence of maleic hydrazide preharvest treatment on quality and storage ability of early onion cultivars at cold store conditions

Abstract: The infl uence of maleic hydrazide preharvest treatment on quality and storage ability of early onion cultivars at cold store conditions. The aim of the experiment was to determine the infl uence of maleic hydrazide (Fazor) preharvest treatment on some quality parameters and storage ability of nine popular onion hybrid cultivars from the group of early or semi-early ones: 'Bonus', 'Fireball', 'Spirit', 'Sterling', 'Takmark', 'Takstar', 'Teton', 'Paraat', 'Utopia'. As the reference cultivar, late standard Polish cultivar 'Sochaczewska' was used. Onions were stored for 7 months in a cold store, at the temperature of 1-2°C and RH of 80-85%, an then for one week at simulated retail conditions. Weight losses, percentage of sprouted and rooted onions after storage, darkening level of inner buds, as well dry matter, vitamin C, and essential oils content in freshly harvested and stored onions were determined. Results of the experiment showed that the treatment of onions with MH positively infl uenced their storage ability. The best storage ability showed cvs. 'Sochaczewska' and 'Spirit', and the worst ability -'Bonus' and 'Sterling'. MH treatment decreased tendency to sprouting and rooting of onions during storage, and decreased natural weight losses. Vitamin C content in stored onions was higher after MH treatment, compared with untreated onions. Treatment onions with MH signifi cantly affected essential oils content in bulbs, which was lower in the case of the untreated onions. MH treated onions showed the signs of inner buds darkening, but the level of darkening related to the cultivar, and was generally low. The results obtained showed signifi cant infl uence of MH treatment on decreasing storage losses of early-maturing onion cultivars

Accurate Location of Fiber Cable Fault with OTDR, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2021, nr 4

The paper reviews the factors limiting the accuracy of locating a fiber optic cable fault when using an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) and describes an error estimation method for typical use cases. The primary source of errors lies in the complex relationship between the length of the optical fiber (measured by OTDR), its routing, cable design depending on cable design and type of installation (i.e. duct, directly buried, aerial) as well as the spare lengths used for service purposes. The techniques which considerably improve the accuracy of the fault localization processes are presented, the importance of accurate documentation of the network and of referencing the fault location to the nearest splice instead of end of the line are discussed, as is the absence of cable helix factor in data sheet

Relacje firm z bankami w Polsce w świetle danych ze sprawozdawczości bankowej

The purpose of the study was to identify factors which influence bank-firm relationships in Poland, herein identified with relationship banking. The results of empirical analysis have demonstrated that Polish firms readily establish single-bank relationships. The results of the econometric model, on two data panels, enabled verification of hypotheses concerning the determinants of relationship banking in Poland from the perspective of characteristics of firms, their crediting banks and macroeconomic environment. On the part of firms, the factors whose influence has been identified include: size, profitability, the manner of financing, investment activity, innovativeness, form of ownership, credit risk and facility size. On the part of the financial sector, the verification covered the influence of competition in the banking sector, competition on the part of the capital market and development of the banking sector. The study also concerned the impact of the business cycle on relationship banking in Poland. The study utilised panel data from different sources: B0300 report (NBP) in years 1997–2010, F-01/I-01 report (Central Statistical Office (GUS)) in years 2005–2010 and other aggregated data (NBP, WSE)

Paraoxonase 1 — what do we know today?

Paraoksonaza 1 (PON1) jest enzymem biorącym udział w hydrolizie wiązań estrowych oraz w procesach antyoksydacyjnych. Ekspresję tego enzymu analizowano w patogenezie wielu chorób w zakresie różnych dziedzin medycyny, takich jak kardiologia, pulmonologia, neurologia, onkologia czy reumatologia. Udowodniono istotną rolę tego enzymu w meta­bolizmie powszechnie stosowanego leku przeciwpłytkowego — klopidogrelu — a polimorfizm w zakresie jej genu może stanowić także jeden z czynników odpowiedzialnych za stwierdzaną w populacji oporność na ten związek. Zapobiegając utlenieniu poszczególnych frakcji lipoprotein, enzym ten bierze także udział w prewencji miażdżycy i chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego. Zaobserwowano, że niektóre leki oraz dieta mogą w dużym stopniu wpływać na aktywność PON1 w surowicy krwi. W poniższym artykule podsumowano wybrane dotychczasowe doniesienia dotyczące ekspresji PON1 oraz roli tego enzymu w organizmie człowieka.Paraoxonase1 (PON1) is an enzyme that takes part in antioxidative reactions and esther bounds hydrolysis. Owing to its function it might be involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including different fields of medicine such as cardiology, pulmonology, neurology, oncology, and rheumatology. It is crucial for metabolism of a commonly-used drug — clopidogrel — and its genetic polymorphism is one of the factors responsible for clinical resistance to this antiplatelet agent. As it protects lipoproteins against free radicals and other oxidative factors, PON1 also takes part in the progression of atherosclerosis. Interestingly, some drugs and diets can affect PON1 activity in the serum. The article summarizes some of the current evidence regarding the expression and role of PON1 in humans

Telekomunikacja i Techniki Informacyjne, 2016, nr 1-2

Artykuł omawia zagrożenia dla pasywnej infrastruktury telekomunikacyjnych sieci kablowych oraz metody monitoringu technicznego linii kablowych i obiektów bezobsługowych, zwłaszcza wykrywania i lokalizacji uszkodzeń kabli. Szczegółowo przedstawiono ograniczenia zasięgu i dokładności lokalizacji uszkodzeń kabli miedzianych i światłowodowych oraz opracowane w Instytucie Łączności elementy sprzętowe scentralizowanego systemu monitoringu SMIT

Integracja finansowa w Europie po wprowadzeniu euro. Przegląd literatury

The introduction of the euro was one of the most important events in the process of European integration, especially in the financial sector. However, next to its many advantages, the joint currency and single monetary policy increased the probability of property bubbles in the EU low income countries. The excessive speculations, which resulted in the burst of the US property bubble, the financial crisis, as well as the fiscal problems and the recession in Europe in 2010, uncovered the weaknesses of the financial integration and the inability of the European financial system to absorb large shocks. The financial losses, and the risk that some banks and moreover, even some euro zone member countries might become insolvent, underlined the existence of large systemic risks. As a result, cross border lending declined, the European credit market was affected negatively and the uncertainty concerning the stability of the euro increased. The second phase of the crisis in Europe was a starting point to develop some new international solutions to those problems aimed at increasing the stability of the European financial system. Our paper presents an overview of the literature on the advancement of financial integration in the euro zone, as well as in other regions including Poland. The concluding part of this review summarizes also the results of own research of its authors